经济学人精读珠峰已成这样,别一味战胜考研英语外刊双语(经济学人阅读)
经济学人精读：珠峰沦为屎山?取自经济学人18年11月的文章
mount everest
a mountain of waste
“take only memories, leave only footprints”?is more than a?clichéd?hiking motto at the?sagarmatha national park?in?nepal. the large box of rocks?sitting next to the?metal detector?at the local airport is?a testament to?that: tourists departing from mount everest have to dispose of material?they have collectedbefore stepping onto the?dauntingly?short runway. fulfilling the second half of this?mantra, however, is harder. tens of thousands of tourists leave more than just footprints. they have created a mountain of?faeces, which is becoming an environmental problem.
调整后的官方译文：“只带走回想，只留下脚印。”?在尼泊尔的萨加玛塔国家公园（sagarmatha national park)，这不再只是一句爬山客常常耳闻目睹的陈词滥调。在当地机场，金属勘探器周围一个装满了石头的大箱子就是证明：脱离珠峰的游客有必要先处置掉他们在山上搜集的物品，才干走进那极短的机场跑道。可是，这条标语的后半句完成起来更难。不计其数的游客留下的不只是是脚印。他们还留下了满山的粪便，这正在变成一个环境疑问。
主旨思维：这一段先经过咱们常说的一句话“只带走回想，只留下脚印。”引出珠峰面临的两大疑问，一个是游客很喜爱搜集山上的东西，可是这个疑问简略处置，尼泊尔这边的珠峰打点睬在金属勘探器周围放一个大箱子，游客需要把搜集的石头放在大箱子后才干过安检；可是第二个疑问就不简略处置了，跟着爬山客的人数增加，游客留下的不只是是脚印。他们还留下了满山的粪便，这正在变成一个环境疑问。
语句规划分析：?the large box of rocks is a testament是语句的骨干，sitting next to the metal detector at the local airport 做the large box of rocks的后置定语。tourists have to dispose before stepping onto the dauntingly short runway是骨干，departing from mount everest作tourist的后置定语，they have collected作material的定语从句。which is becoming an environmental problem作they have created a mountain of faeces的非捆绑定语。
1.?“take only memories, leave only footprints”?“只带走回想，只留下脚印。”?看到这个，我们估量很了解吧，那就记下来！英语作文里边也可以运用这个表达呼吁我们维护环境！
2. clichéd 陈词滥调，比方在纽约时报里边也有运用这个表达，she observed that most women at the top aren’t the lonely, single women of clichés; 她指出，大大都身居高位的女人并非老一套说法中那类孑立的独身女人；
3.?sagarmatha national park萨加玛塔国家公园;[地名] [尼泊尔]
4.?metal detector英 [?metl d??tekt?] ?美 [?m?tl d??t?kt?] ?金属勘探器
in keeping with security regulations, everyone must pass through the metal detector.
依照保安规则，每自个都有必要经过这个金属勘探器。
5. sitting next to the metal detector：假定是人sit，那就是坐，可是假定是sth，那就需要活络翻译，这儿sit是放的意思，或许直接说啥周围的啥。
6.?testament遗言; 圣约书; 的确的证明; 誓约, a testament to sth是固定表达，标明证明……
we think of our growth as a testament to the transformational power of social business.
咱们认为，公司的打开恰恰证明晰交际公司的改造性力气。
纽约时报在说到坎儿井是古伊朗人才智的结晶的时分就运用了这个表达，dating back some 3,000-odd years, and added to unesco’s world heritage list in 2016, the qanat is a testament to the ingenuity of the ancient iranians. 坎儿井距今有3000多年的前史，2016年被列入联合国教科文组织世界遗产名录，是古伊朗人才智的结晶。
7. dauntingly英 [d??nt??l?] ?adv.令人生畏地；吓人地
8.?mantra英 [?m?ntr?] ??美 [?m?ntr?] ?n.咒语;颂歌，圣歌
i do not do a good girl, i want to be king, for that mantra free!
我不要再做乖乖女，我要变成王者，为那安适颂歌！
mantra还可以标明口头禅，driving the industry’s next big thing is?a mantra of silicon valley.
推进完成该作业的下一件大事是硅谷的口头禅。
9.faeces英 [?fi:si:z] ??美 [?fisiz] ?n.粪便;分泌物;屎
the faeces contain nitrogen and it is that which fertilises the desert soil.
粪便含氮，而正是氮可以肥化荒芜的土地。
调整后的官方译文：“2021年有648人登顶珠峰，是20年前的七倍多。许多人可以抵达大本营。当前，人类分泌物被运送到步行一小时之遥的戈瑞克夏普（gomkshep)镇邻近的废物坑道里。背夫巴迪?巴哈德尔?萨克利 (budhi bahadur sarkhi)曩昔12年一向从大本营往镇上步行扛送粪便，他说粪便的量正在灵敏添加。他刚初步干这个活时共有七名背夫，如今有30名。
主旨思维：这一段在用数据证明游客留下了满山的粪便，处置珠峰上粪便的背夫越来越多，旁边面阐明这个疑问的严峻性。
语句规划分析：?more than seven times the number two decades ago是对648 people reached everest’s summit的弥补阐明，is carried and dumped into pits 是语句的骨干，an hour’s walk down the mountain是对gorakshep的弥补阐明。who has been carrying poo from base camp to these pits for 12 years做a porter的定语从句。when mr sarkhi started为时刻状语，hired for the job做porters 的后置定语。
1. more than seven times the number ：倍数在外刊里边常常见到，翻译的时分必定要留心，比如今年考研英语翻译里边就遇到了这个，nowadays anyone applying for a research post has to have published twice the number of papers that would have been required for the same post only 10 years ago. never mind the quality, then, count the number. 如今，假定想请求研讨职位，宣告的论文有必要是10年前同一职位所需论文数量的两倍。倍数别翻译错了， twice the number of和twice as many as都是……是……的两倍的意思，不是多两倍的意思。
2. make it to赶上，抵达。比方影片台词就运用过这一表达，unless, you can,make it to the end of the valley.除非~~你们可以走到山谷的止境。
3.?dump英 [d?mp] ??美 [d?mp]vt.倾倒;推销;丢下，卸下;脱节，扔弃vi.俄然颠仆或落下;卸货;转嫁（责任等）n.废物场;库房;无次序地累积，常常运用dump sth in/into sp
a million tonnes of untreated sewage is dumped into the sea
一百万吨未经处置的污水被倾倒进了海里。
英语作文写作拓宽：咱们在说塑料袋对环境的损害的时分，咱们就可以说dumped in the ocean,?plastic bags kill fish.被倾卸在海洋里的话，废物袋还会杀死鱼类。?
4.?pits英 [（赛车道旁的）修补加油站
many common minerals, such as feldspar, develop microscopic pits during weathering.
许多常见矿藏（例如长石）会在风化进程中打开出细小坑洞。
5.?porter英 [?p?:t?(r)] ??美 [?p?:rt?(r)] ?n.门童;转移工人;（医院里护卫患者的）护工;（尤指卧铺车厢的）列车效能员
the hall porter was feeling hard done by at having to extend his shift.
酒店行李转移工因为被逼延伸当班时刻而怒火中烧。
6.?poo英 [pu:] ?便便
to put it bluntly, her father doesnt like me and the thoughts of his daughter getting jiggy with me is like putting a pretty flower on a piece of dog poo.
率直地说，她的父亲不喜爱我，认为我跟他的女儿在一同是“一朵鲜花插在牛粪衫淠
dumping sites?are filling up quickly, and the run-off is?infiltrating?the region’s water cha
nnels, some of which?feed into wells?that supply drinking water. when tests were done?at?nine water sources in the region, seven were contaminated with significant levels of?e. coli.?the presence of?human?by-products?in the water, like?nicotine?and?sunscreen, suggests that the contamination came from human faeces, rather than?that?of the many local?yaks.
调整后的官方译文：“坑道正被灵敏填满，废物径流正向该区域的水道渗透，其间一些水道通往饮用水水井。对该区域九个水源的检测发现，其间七个遭到大肠杆菌严峻污染。水中存在尼古丁和防晒霜等人类代谢副产品，这标明污染来自人类粪便，而不是当地许多牦牛的粪便。
主旨思维：这段阐明这些废物都现已影响到饮用水了，足以阐明此疑问的严峻性，也意味着咱们需要注重这个疑问，处置此疑问。
语句规划分析：dumping sites?are filling up quickly, and the run-off is infiltrating?the region’s water channels是语句的骨干，some of which feed into wells that supply drinking water作water channels的定语从句，that supply drinking water?作wells的定语从句，the presence of human by-products?suggests that是骨干，that 指faeces，留心faeces既可数，也不可以数，faeces在这儿为一个全体，所以用that,而不必those的缘由。
1. dumping sites倾倒场，类似前面的pits。
2.?infiltrating英 [?nf?ltre?t??] ?
v.（使）渗透，（指思维）进入人的心中( infiltrate的如今分词 )
language and culture is infiltrating the other fused with each other, organic combined.
言语与文明是彼此渗透、彼此交融、有机联系的。
3.?feed into wells通往饮用水水井
4. tests were done at nine water sources对该区域九个水源的检测发现。水源的介词运用at，留心哈。
5.?e. coli英 [?i: ?k??la?] ??美 [?i: ?ko?la?]
[医][=escherichia coli]（拉）大肠埃希杆菌，大肠杆菌
e. coli ( in full escherichia coli): species of bacterium that inhabits the stomach and intestines.
大肠埃希氏菌，大肠杆菌大肠杆菌：存在与胃肠的细菌物种。?
6.?by-products英 [?d?kts]
n.副产品( by-product的名词复数 );意外成果，副作用
in china, it is important to?store the grain or other agricultural by-products safely.
在我国，粮食及其它农副产品的平安储存是一个重要疑问。
7.?the presence of human by-products?in the water也可以说the traces of human by-products?in the water，这个表达在18年11月的catti是三级笔译里边就见过，traces of microplastics?and hazardous chemicals?found in majority of snow and ice samples taken earlier this year（研讨人员）在本年年头搜集的许多冰雪样本中，发现了微塑料和有害化学物质（的痕迹）。这篇本年高斋catti和mti全年班到时分会具体说明。
8.?nicotine英 [?n?k?ti:n] ??美 [?n?k??tin] ?n.尼古丁;[化]烟碱
icotine is a psychoactive drug.
尼古丁是一种影响精力活动的毒物。
9.?sunscreen英 [?s?nskri:n] ??美 [?s?n?skrin] ?n.防晒霜;（防晒油中的）遮光剂
i use a sunscreen whenever there is even a remote possibility that i will be in the sun
不管何时只需有一点可以露出在阳光下，我就会用防晒霜。
10.?yaks英 [没完没了地谈些无关要紧的事，滔滔舶，烦琐( yak的第三人称奇数 )
qinghai-tibet plateau yaks can adapt to the environment with thin air, low air pressure, the cold weather;
牦牛习气青藏高原空气冷漠，气压低，气候严寒的生态环境。
one innovative solution could help. the mount everest?biogas?project,?led bytwo mountaineers, hopes to install a?biogas reactor?in gorakshep at the start of next year. all of the faeces from base camp would then?be?converted into?twoby-products: fertiliser and?methane gas, possibly for cooking.?in which case?the mountain would be a little less brown and a little more green.
调整后的官方译文：“一个立异的处置方案或许会发扬作用。由两名爬山家带头的珠峰沼气项目（mount everest biogas project)期望能在下一年头在戈瑞克夏普镇设备一个沼气反应设备。到时，来自傲本营的一切粪便都将转化为两种副产品：肥料和或答使用来煮饭的沼气。如此，珠峰将少一点棕色，多一点绿色。
主旨思维：最终段，这篇文章引出了一个立异的处置方案，那就是沼气项目，这样珠峰将少一点棕色（粪就是棕色的，这个描绘很形象，哈哈）。
语句规划分析：the mount everest biogas project hopes to install a biogas reactor in gorakshep at the start of next year是语句的骨干，led by two mountaineers做the mount everest biogas project的后置定语。all of the faeces would then be converted into two by-products是骨干，from base camp作all of the faeces的后置定语。in which case是固定表达，标明在这种情况下;那样的话。
1.?biogas英 [?ba???g?s] ??美 [?ba?o?g?s] ?n.生物气（尤指沼气）
2.?biogas reactor沼气反应器
3.?convert英 [k?n?v?:t] ??美 [k?n?v?:rt]vt.（使）改动;使皈依;兑换，换算;并吞
vi.经过改动;被改动;[橄榄球] 触地得分后得附加分n.皈依者;改动宗教崇奉者
if you try to convert him, you could find he just walks away
假定你企图改动他的崇奉，他就会走开。
英语作文写作拓宽：比方咱们说如今的零售趋势，咱们就可以说there is a trend that the retailer can identify consumers and?convert the offline consumer into a digital consumer.如今有一种趋势：零售商发现花费者，然后把线下花费者带到线上。
4.?methane gas英 [?meθ?e?n ɡ?s] ??美 [?m?θ?en ɡ?s] ?[医]沼气，甲烷气体
methane gas produced when vegetation decomposes in water.
植物在水中陈腐发生的甲烷气体。
5.?in which case是固定表达，标明在这种情况下;那样的话。可以放在句首，正如今天的原文，也可以作连词，比方members are concerned that a merger might mean higher costs, in which case they would oppose it. 成员们忧虑兼并会致使本钱前进，如果那样的话，他们将提出对立。
